āϏā§āϤā§āϰ:
āϏāĻŽā§āĻāϰāĻŖ |
āĻĒā§āϰāϤā§āĻ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϤāĻŋ āĻ āĻāĻāĻ |
 1. $\mathrm{t}=\frac{\mathrm{X}_{\mathrm{t}}-\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{ice}}}{\mathrm{X}_{\text {steam }}-\mathrm{X}_{\mathrm{ice}}} \times \mathrm{n}$  2. $\frac{C}{5}=\frac{F-32}{9}=\frac{F-273}{5}=\frac{R-492}{9}$ 3. $\theta=\frac{P_{q}-P_{0}}{P_{100}-P_{0}} \times 100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ 4.t°C = (273+t)K 5. T = (t+273) 6. $\mathrm{t}=\frac{\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{q}}-\mathrm{P}_{0}}{\mathrm{P}_{100}-\mathrm{P}_{0}} \times 100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ 7. Rt = Ro (1+ιt) 8. 1°C = (9/5)°F 9. 1°F = (5/9)°C 10. $\mathrm{t}=\frac{\mathrm{V}_{\mathrm{t}}-\mathrm{V}_{0}}{\mathrm{~V}_{100}-\mathrm{V}_{\mathrm{o}}} \times 100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$  11. $\mathrm{t}=\frac{\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{t}}-\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{o}}}{\mathrm{P}_{100}-\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{o}}} \times 100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ |
C = āϏā§āύā§āĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϰā§āĻĄ āϏā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻ (°C) F = āĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύāĻšāĻžāĻāĻ āϏā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻ (°F) K = āĻā§āϞāĻāĻŋāύ āϏā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻ (K) Po = āĻļā§āώā§āĻ āĻŦāϰāĻĢā§āϰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžā§ āĻŦāϰāĻĢā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻĒ P100 = 100°C āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžā§ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϏā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻĒ t = āϏā§āϞāϏāĻŋā§āĻžāϏ āϏā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻā§āϝāĻžāϏ āĻĨāĻžāϰā§āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ⧠āĻāĻā§āϤ āϤāϰāϞā§āϰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž T = āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž (K) E = āϤāĻžāĻĒ āϤāĻžā§āĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāϞāĻ āĻŦāϞ (V) a āĻ b = āϤāĻžāĻĒāϝā§āĻāϞ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāϰā§āĻĨā§āϰ āϧā§āϰā§āĻŦ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž (V/°C) R0 = 0°C āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžā§ āϰā§āϧ (Ί) Rt = t°C āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžā§ āϰā§āϧ (Ί) R100 = 100°C āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžā§ āϰā§āϧ (Ί) Îą = āϤāĻžāϰā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻāϰāĻļā§āϞ āϧā§āϰā§āĻŦ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž Vo = āĻļā§āώā§āĻ āĻŦāϰāĻĢā§āϰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻā§āϤāύ (m3) V100 = āĻĢā§āĻāύā§āϤ āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻāĻĻāĻāϤ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžāϰ āĻā§āϤāύ (m3) V1 = t°C āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžā§ āĻā§āϤāύ (m3)   |
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āĻāĻžāĻŖāĻŋāϤāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻŽāϏā§āϝāĻžÂ āĻ āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύāĻ
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ā§§. āĻā§āύ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āϏā§āϞāϏāĻŋā§āĻžāϏ āĻ āĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύāĻšāĻžāĻāĻ āĻāĻā§ āϏā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļ āĻāϰāĻž āϝāĻžā§ ?
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āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
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C/5=(F-32)/9
âšx/5=(x-32)/9
âš9x=5x-160
â´x=-40°  [ans]
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⧍. āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŽā§āϰāĻāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āĻāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻšā§āϰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž 107°F āĻšāϞ⧠āϏā§āϞāϏāĻŋā§āĻžāϏ āϏā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻāϤ āĻšāĻŦā§?
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āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
C/5=(F-32)/9
âšC/5=(107-32)/9=75/9
â´C=41.7°C  [ans]
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ā§Š. āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āϤā§āϰā§āĻāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāϰā§āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāϰāĻĢ āĻŦāĻŋāύā§āĻĻā§ 5°C āĻ āϏā§āĻā§āĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāύā§āĻĻā§ 115°C āĨ¤ āĻā§āύ āĻŦāϏā§āϤā§āϰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž 50°C āĻšāϞ⧠āĻ āĻĨāĻžāϰā§āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻāϤ āĻšāĻŦā§?
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āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
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(x-xice)/(x100-xice)=(xʹ-xʹice)/(xʹ100-xʹice)                                xʹice=5°C
           âš(50-0)/(100-0)=(xÍ´-5)/(115-5)                                          xÍ´100=115°C
           âšxÍ´=110/2+5                                                                       x=50°C
           â´xÍ´=60°C [ans]                                                                    xice=0°C                                                                                                                                             X100=100
                                                                                               xʹ=?
ā§Ē. āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϰ āĻā§āϤāύ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϏ āĻĨāĻžāϰā§āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āϤā§āϰā§āϧ āĻŦāĻŋāύā§āĻĻā§āϤ⧠āĻāĻžāĻĒ 20Nm-2 āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻļā§āώā§āĻ āĻŦāϰāĻĢā§ āĻāĻžāĻĒ 14.3Nm-2 āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāϰā§āĻļāύ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āĻļā§āϏā§āĻ āĻŦāϰāĻĢā§āϰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻāϤ?
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āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
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T=(273.16Ãx/xtr)KÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â x=14.3
            =(273.16Ã14.3/20)K                                   xtr=20
â´T=145.3KÂ Â Â [ans]
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ā§Ģ. āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϰ āĻā§āϤāύ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻĄā§āϰā§āĻā§āύ āĻĨāĻžāϰā§āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āϤāϰāϞ āĻŦāĻžā§ā§, āĻŦāϰāĻĢ āĻ āĻŦāĻžāώā§āĻĒā§ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻāϰāϞ⧠āϝāĻĨāĻžāĻā§āϰāĻŽā§ 23.5cm, 75cm āĻāĻŦāĻ 102.4cm āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻĻāĻāĻžāĻĒ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰ⧠āĨ¤ āϤāϰāϞ āĻŦāĻžā§ā§āϰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻāϤ?
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āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
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θ ={(PÎ-P0)/(P100-P0)} Ã100                             PÎ=23.5cm
           ={(23.5-75)/(102.4-75) }Ã100                       P0Â= 75cm
           ⴠ θ  = -187.95°c        [ans]                                       P100=102.4cm
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ā§Ŧ. 1āĻŽāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻā§ āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋāϰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž 50°C āĻšāϤ⧠30°C âāĻ āύāĻžāĻŽāϞ⧠āĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύāĻšāĻžāĻāĻ āϏā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏā§āϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϤ?
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āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
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āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏā§āϰ āĻšāĻžāϰ=4 θ/4t
                                     ={(50-30)/60}Ã9/5
                                     =0.6°Fs-1 [ans]
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