verb form āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āϤāĻŋāύāϟāĻž āϜāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏ āϞāĻžāϗ⧇āĨ¤ sentenceāĻāϰ tense āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ subjectāĻāϰ number āĻ“ person āĨ¤
 
tense āĻāϰ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻŦā§‹āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻŦā§‹ number, āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ personāĨ¤
 

  1. Present tense:

 

  1. present indefinite: āĻāϟāĻž āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻŦāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻ⧈āύāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻŋāύ āϘāϟāύāĻž āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžā§ŸāĨ¤ āϜāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏāϟāĻžāϕ⧇ indefinite āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻŦāϞāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇āύāύāĻž āϘāϟāύāĻžāϟāĻž āĻāχ āĻŽā§‚āĻšā§āĻ°ā§āϤ⧇ āϘāϟāϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻžāĨ¤

Apon walks to school everyday. He is a good boy.
 

  1. Present continuous: āĻāϟāĻž āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāύ⧋ āϝāĻžā§Ÿ:

ā§§āĨ¤ āϘāϟāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁: I am having lunch.
⧍āĨ¤ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§Ž āϘāϟāύāĻž: I am going to New York.
 

  1. Present perfect: āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽāϤ, āϘāϟāύāĻž āϘāĻŸā§‡ āϗ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻŦāϞāϤ⧇ āĻšāϞ⧇ present perfect āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

 
            I have come from Dubai.
 
āφāϰ⧇āĻ•āϟāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻšāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻšā§ŸāύāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻ•āĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϤ⧇āĨ¤ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻĻā§â€™āĻŸā§‹ conjunction āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿ, for āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ sinceāĨ¤ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύāσ
 
            I have lived in this house for five years.
 
āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāϟāĻž āĻšāϞ, āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ simple pastāĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻāϰ āϤāĻĢāĻžāϤāϟāĻž āϕ⧋āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿ?
 

  1. Past tense:

 

  1. simple past: āϏ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āϘāĻŸā§‡ āϗ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϤ⧇ simple past āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤

I came home yesterday from Dubai.
āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ present perfect āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ simple pastāĻāϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āĻšāϞ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿā§‡āϰ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻžāĨ¤
 

  1. Past continuous: āϏ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āϘāϟāĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϤ⧇ Past continuous āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤

āĻāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āϝāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžā§Ÿ āϤāĻž āĻšāϞ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧁āĻŸā§‹ āϘāϟāύāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻžāĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻŋ āϰ⧇āϖ⧇ āϤ⧁āϞāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤
I was walking home last night when I saw the robbery take place.
āĻāχ āϤ⧁āϞāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĻā§â€™āĻŸā§‹ conjunction āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿ, when āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ whileāĨ¤ āĻĻā§â€™āĻŸā§‹ conjunctionāĻāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§â€™āϰāĻ•āĻŽāĨ¤

  1. Past perfect:

 
 
NUMBER OF A SUBJECT
 
subjectāĻāϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻŦāĻž numberāĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ verbāĻāϰāĻ“ āĻšā§‡āĻšāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻĻāϞ⧇ āϝāĻžā§ŸāĨ¤ verbāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ singularāĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ pluralāĻšā§Ÿ āϏ⧇āϟāĻž āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ (link to: Regular and Irregular Verbs) āĻĻ⧇āϖ⧇ āύāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āύāĨ¤
 
subjectāĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ verbāĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻšā§Ÿ āϤāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āύāĻŋāĻšā§‡ āĻĻā§‡ā§ŸāĻž āĻšāϞ:
 
ā§§āĨ¤ uncountable noun āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ singular verbāĻŦāϏ⧇āĨ¤
 
Milk is a healthy food.
 
⧍āĨ¤ Subject 1 rule:
 
āĻāĻ•āĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ• subject āϝāĻ–āύ āύāĻŋāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āϤāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ subject āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŽāĻŋāϞ āϰ⧇āϖ⧇ verb āĻāϰ formāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤
 
together with              along with       and not            accompanied by          as well as        among             with             accompanied with      in addition to                          
 
John, along with his friends, is going to the movies.
 
ā§ŠāĨ¤Â  Subject 2 rule:
 
āϝāĻ–āύ 'either...or' āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ 'neither...nor' āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ subject āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€ā§Ÿ subjectāϟāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŽāĻŋāϞāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ verbāĻāϰ formāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤
 
Either me or they will have to leave this building.
 
Neither they nor I am leaving the building.
 
ā§ĒāĨ¤ And rule:
 
and āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ• subject āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšāϞ⧇ āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§Ÿ verb āϟāĻŋ plural āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤
 
Luna, Nishi and I are chatting.
 
ā§ĢāĨ¤ each, every, either, neither, many a – āĻāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ subjectāĻāϰ āφāϗ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ singular verb āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤
 
ā§ŦāĨ¤ both, few, many, others, severalāĻāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ subjectāĻāϰ āφāϗ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ‚āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāĻœā§‡āϰāĻžāχ subject āĻšāϞ⧇ āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§Ÿ plural verb āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤
 
ā§­āĨ¤ Infinitive (link to: Infinitive) āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Gerund (link to: Gerund) āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§Ÿ singular verb āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤
 
Swimming is my favourite exercise.
 
To err is man.
 
ā§ŽāĨ¤ Here āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ there āĻāĻĻ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ be verb āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ noun āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ āϐ noun āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžā§Ÿā§€ be verb āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ verb āϟāĻŋāϰ form āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤
 
There is a man in our village who makes ploughs.
 
Here are some fruits for you to eat.
 
⧝āĨ¤ ‌āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ, āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ, āĻ“āϜāύ āφāϰ āϟāĻžāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϝ⧇āϕ⧋āύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ subject āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§Ÿ singular verbāĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤
 
Three hours is a long time to wait.
 
Don't you think sixty dollars for a small cake is too expensive?
 
ā§§ā§ĻāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ noun āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§Ÿ plural, āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āϝāχ āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§Ÿ plural verb āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ (āĻāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āϤāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĻ⧇āϖ⧁āύ: Noun āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āϰ SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ⧇)āĨ¤
 
(Insert Important symbol) āφāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ noun āĻāϰ singular āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ plural form āĻāĻ•āχāϰāĻ•āĻŽ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϤ⧇ (āĻāĻ•āχ āϜāĻžā§ŸāĻ—āĻžā§Ÿ āĻāĻĻ⧇āϰāĻ“ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āϤāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻŦ⧇āύ)āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ verb singular āύāĻž plural āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āϤāĻž āĻŦ⧁āĻāĻŦ⧇āύ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇?
 
āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻĒāĻžāϰāϟāĻž āφāϏāϞ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āĻļ āϏāĻšāϜāĨ¤ noun āϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āϝ⧇āĻšā§‡āϤ⧁ countable āĻ…āϤāĻāĻŦ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āϝāχ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž singular āĻšāϞ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āφāϗ⧇ article (a, an, the) āĻŦāϏāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻ–āύ⧋ āĻ•āĻ–āύ⧋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ determiners (link to: Determiners) āĻ“ āĻŦāϏāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤
 
āĻ­āĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻžā§Ÿ āφāϏāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ:
 
A Unit 2001-02
 

  1. Rahim ____ for a new roommate before he finally succeeded.

 
A. has been looking     B. will be looking

  1. had been looking        D. has looked

 
16. They ____ to a concert tomorrow.
A. have been going B. are going

  1. had been going             D. are gone.

 
A Unit 2002-03
 
17.  You may ____ down for a nap as soon as you do your homework.
a. lay   b. lie    c. lain  d, laid.
 
18. We talked for a long time after we ____ home.
a. return          b. have returned

  1. has been returned      d. returned.

 
19. Forty yards ____ a good distance.
a. is      b. are   c. were  d. had.
 
20. Our friends ____ the day before.
a. having left   b. had left

  1. have been left             d. had been left.

 
21. The bus _____ left before all the passengers arrived.
a. were            b. had

  1. have    d. would have.

 
22. It____ raining since morning.
a. is      b. was
c. has been      d. had been.
D Unit 2010-11
9.  She reassured me that she ______ the card.
a. had posted b. has posted
c. had been posting
d. has posting